Calendering of thermoplastics: models and computations

نویسندگان

چکیده

Abstract John Vlachopoulos (JV) started his polymer processing career with the process of calendering. In two landmark papers Kiparissides, C. and Vlachopoulos, J. (1976). Finite element analysis Polym. Eng. Sci. 16: 712–719; (1978). A study viscous dissipation in calendering power-law fluids. 18: 210–214 he introduced Element Method (FEM) to solve governing equations mass, momentum, energy based on Lubrication Approximation Theory (LAT). This early work was followed by introduction wall slip (with Hrymak, A.N. (1980). Calendering poly(vinyl chloride): theory experiments. 20: 725–731). The first 2-D simulations for PVC were carried out Mitsoulis, E., J., Mirza, F.A. (1985). without lubrication approximation. 25: 6–18. intervening 35 years, other works have emerged, however our understanding has not been drastically improved since JV’s works. Results also obtained pseudoplastic viscoplastic fluids using general Herschel-Bulkley constitutive model. emphasis finding possible differences LAT regarding attachment detachment points calendered sheet (hence domain length), extent shape yielded/unyielded regions. results showed that while former is well predicted LAT, latter grossly overpredicted. More 3-D simulations, showing intricate patterns melt bank. Also, transient problem solved ALE-FEM formulation moving free-boundary problems. are compared previous steady-state show a good agreement. capture movement upstream downstream free surfaces, provide points, which unknown priori . Finding these still remains prevailing challenge modeling process.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: International Polymer Processing

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['0930-777X', '2195-8602']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2021-4214